The Code Of Ethics For Nurses - 1082 Words

Introduction The code of ethics for nurses provides a framework on ethical principles that nurses are supposed to follow while providing patient care. Under this code, nurses are not allowed to pry into information on patients not directly under their care, and they could not share any patient information to individuals who are not privileged to know such information. (American Nurses Association, 2015). Ethical issues related to electronic health records (EHRs) are extremely beneficial to clinicians, patients and an organization. This is because it not only increases access to health care, but it does reduce costs, improves the quality of health and care provided. The EHR is accurate to an extent, however its positive effects on productivity, should not underestimate the negative effects that ensues from using EMR. There are some Electronic health records that create conflict among several ethical principles. (American Nurses Association, 2015). Legal, Financial, and Ethical issues of meaningful use. Both Information Technology vendors and health care providers should think about possibilities of legal issues before beginning any engagement with the electronic health record systems. EHR technologies is faced with addressing health record access and ownership. Initially, health care providers had exclusive rights on patient s paper medical record; this is not however true right now. This is because State and Federal regulations have granted patients enormousShow MoreRelatedCode Of Ethics For Nurses1274 Words   |  6 PagesCode of Ethics for Nurses In the nursing profession, nurses often find ethical reasoning that not only evaluates actions and their results, but also questions why we perceive certain incidences to be paramount for us as humans. Ethics attempts to decide how actions are deemed right or wrong. The Code of ethics, which is a set of guidelines published by the International Council of Nurses, helps direct nurses in everyday decisions and it defends their refusal to take part in events that disagree withRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Nurses1110 Words   |  5 Pagesethical principles. The duties of a nurse consist of care and support and its important that nurses are aware of their professional ethics. These principles are put into place to uphold and maintain moral values in healthcare. The American Nurses Association (ANA) code of ethics for nurses consists of nine provisions, outlined in the Code of Ethics for nurses with Interpretive Statements. These provisions are constructed to blueprint the role and resp onsibilities of a nurse. The chosen provisions beingRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Nurses Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Code of Ethics for Nurses Ethical moral values are the fabric of human behavior. Nursing values influence nurses actions and goals. The nursing code of ethics was adopted in order to determine and define ethical values for nurses. Human dignity, privacy, justice, autonomy in decision making, commitment, loyalty, human relationship, compassion, fairness, responsibility, honesty and individual and professional competence are considered an integral part of the nursing profession. Nurses as membersRead MoreCode Of Ethics For Nurses1614 Words   |  7 PagesCode of Ethics for Nurses The American Nurses Association (ANA) established the code of ethics for nurses to serve as a foundation for practice and nursing standards. Nurses that enter the field are educated on the code of ethics and its provisions that make up the balanced foundation that is used to this day. The code of ethics is to be honored by every nurse, and every nurse should know their ethical obligation to their patients (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2015). This approach encompassesRead MoreCode Of Ethics For Nurses1114 Words   |  5 Pages Professional Code of Conduct Fadrique R. Charlot Nova Southeastern University Professional Code of Conduct Health professionals hold the commitment of providing quality health care to the society in order to fulfil the health concerns of the general population presented daily. Hence, health care practices are established on ethical principles concerning the life and health of human being accordingly. Its values place all obligation in which patients are protected from harm andRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Nurses Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pagesconditions. These studies press the question of when it is acceptable for researchers to study rather than assist individuals. It is stated that the second provision of the code of ethics for nurses that the â€Å"nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population† (American Nurses Association, 2001, p. 10). This is likewise supported by Fouka and Mantzorou (2011) when they emphasized that it is the nature of nursing to take care and to prevent harmRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Nurses854 Words   |  4 PagesTruth-telling is an important issue within the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses make decisions on a daily basis regarding what information to tell patients. The specific issue in question is whether a nurse should abide by the Code of Ethics for Nurses by revealing the truth to the patient or refrain from telling the truth to the patient because they are respecting the wishes of the patient’s family. Nurses and health care professionals should always tell the truth to their patients unless theRead MoreCode Of Ethics For N urses1331 Words   |  6 PagesCode of Ethics for Nurses 1. Introduction- Explain your knowledge of this business profession. Why did I choose nursing? At the age of 43 I am back in school to further my education in the health field in nursing. Am I doing it to make a difference in the world or as a longstanding career? To be a nurse, it takes a special type of person that has extraordinary personal qualities and traits. A good nurse should have compassion, respect, and the need and want to help others. Therefore be sensitiveRead MoreThe Nurse s Code Of Ethics1022 Words   |  5 Pageshas a code of ethics, that sets standards and guidelines that are set in place to protect both the professional and the client. Ethics play a key role in day to day business. This paper will discuss the nurse’s code of ethics, the advantages and disadvantages, and difficulties that the author may have following the established code. This paper will also discuss whether or not there are rules that have too much emphasis on them, and rules that do not. The nurse’s code of ethics was draftedRead MoreCode of Ethics for Nurses Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: SYSTEM OF INQUIRY PAPER System of Inquiry Paper Wendell A. Garcia University of Phoenix March 18, 2008 American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics for Nurses Ethics is an integral part of the foundation of nursing. Nursing has a distinguished history of concern for the welfare of the sick, injured, and vulnerable and for social justice. This concern is embodied in the provision of nursing care to individuals and the community. Nursing encompasses the prevention of

Are Cochlear Implants Necessary - 1294 Words

Majority of the world that we live in, people are constantly reminded what is normal by society. The world is run by big businesses and corporation that are usually visually dominant, however without hearing it is viewed as a major disadvantage to the hearing world. Kent State University compiled an accurate definition of the deaf community â€Å" those [of] deaf and hard of hearing individuals who share a common language, common experience and values, and a common way of interacting with each other, and with hearing people.† The deaf community is viewed by the hearing world as an official handicap since they deviate from what is considered normal. Many of the deaf communities have enforced the young and informed the parents to avoid getting†¦show more content†¦Or even a deaf person that is able to hear voices, pick out music notes with hearing aids. They usually will recommend cochlear implants for the profoundly death. However from the HLAA (Hearing Loss Associatio n of America) discussed that â€Å"About one-fourth of the overall range of outcome can be explained based on the length of deafness and about one-sixth of depends on the word understanding capabilities prior to implantation. Other patient, ear and device variables demonstrated no significant correlations with the benefit achieved with respect to speech recognition.† Meaning cochlear implants are still an unperfected machinery to help all deaf humans. Some of Bowen’s friends from the deaf community still refuses to receive the surgical implant because they fear how their deaf family and community would feel about them receiving. Chris, one of Bowen’s friends stated â€Å" The reason why we still haven’t gotten the implant is because the deaf culture is where we belong with our own sets of social beliefs, language, customs, and even history. The hearing world views deafness as an impairment, however the deaf community learned how to encourage and embrace deafness as something more.† The way I saw it, the hearing world saw it has a disease, imperfection that needs to be cured, but with the cure at hand it can lead to a complete ethnocide. I sat down with Bowen and we started debating whether it was the right choice to receive theShow MoreRelatedThe Deaf Child Should Not Be Legal1227 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that is capable of restoring hearing and s peech understanding to many individuals who are severely or profoundly deaf† (Tucker, 1998, pg. 6). The deaf child should be the one to consent to a cochlear implant regardless of their age. Receiving an implant at a younger age rather than waiting until the child grows older means easier development of speech and hearing (Sound and Fury). If they would like to gain the ability to hear and have the capacityRead MoreSwot Analysis : Strategic Management1611 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: In this era of world, it is necessary to be updated about all perspectives to run an organization. Organization can do different analysis such as PESTLE, Porter five forces, Value chain; to know the market demand and essentially of the products. On the other hand, Organization should have their strategies and knowledge about the market. Strategic management is the process to get different terms of planning, monitoring, analysing and assessments which are necessary to operate an organization. InRead MoreThe African American Healthcare Gap1654 Words   |  7 Pagesheard about cochlear implants from their black counterparts, but were informed by medical professionals instead. The study was not to pointe the blame on medical professionals, insurances, and/ or physicians, but to take a deeper view of why is it that African Americans seem to lag behind in the healthcare improvement when new services and technologies are presented to them. Yet, as it stands, for the University of Cincinnati Physicians clinic – ENT department, 95% of the cochlear implants performedRead MoreThe American Piloted Space Program1302 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial endeavor that was the Space Race. The budget for manned space travel, from its genesis until present day, totaled $486 billion. Now, according to the World Health Organization, this is 91% of the capital needed to pay the $535 billion necessary to once and for all solve clean water problems worldwide and consequently stop all waterborne illness. Therefore, had the U.S. government funneled its money into foreign aid instead of boosting its own self-image through the gimmick of manned spaceRead MoreDeafness80 5 Words   |  4 Pagesit can facilitate interactions with the hearing world. ( Cochlear implants, TTY, TTY-to-voice Relay, Fax, Computer e-mail, vibrating pagers, wireless internet services etc.) Even with the technologic advances provided by cochlear implants, implantation is not enough. A cochlear implant does not make a child who is profoundly deaf into a normal listener and speaker. Intervention is necessary in order to teach children with cochlear implants to make sense of what they are now hearing. This is whereRead MoreElectroacoustic hearing: Using residual acoustic hearing to address the shortcomings of1300 Words   |  6 PagesElectroacoustic hearing: Using residual acoustic hearing to address the shortcomings of traditional cochlear implants Ian Power Heather Power LING 2P91- Brock University April 2014 Introduction On March 20, 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first hybrid device to combine a cochlear implant (CI) with traditional amplification (USFDA, 2014). In theory, electroacoustic stimulation (EAS) allows users to take advantage of the strengths of both hearing aids (HAs)Read MoreIs Deafness a Disability or a Way of Living?1593 Words   |  7 Pageshearing impairments have hearing parents, their family members frequently oppress them by taking over the decision-making processes regarding their well-being (Andrews 27). For example, the use of cochlear implants has been a significant source of conflict among families of deaf persons. Cochlear implants are devices that aid in the complete or partial â€Å"restoration of speech understanding to [various] individuals who are severely or profoundly deaf† (Tucker 1). Evidently, most hearing parents wishRead MoreBaby Justice Cannot Hear836 Words   |  3 Pagesthe ear canal and eardrum and then to electrical pulses presented to the brain by various hearing nerves (Robert Siegler, 2011). The brain analyzes these electrical impulses into the sensation of hearing (Robert Siegler, 2011). Damage to the cochlear implant results in â€Å"sensory neural hearing loss† indicating that the ear has trouble translating sound waves into signals that can be analyzed by the brain (Robert Siegler, 2011). Justice’s wildcard of limited hearing in her left ear will surely affectRead MoreThe, The Branch Of Science And Medicine Concerned With The Sense Of Hearing1060 Words   |  5 Pageshearing.) This program includes Paediatric Diagnostic Hearing Assessments, which are necessary to find out whether a child is deaf or losing their hearing. It is ideal to pick up on deafness in it s earliest stages, so using this technology on newborns is significantly beneficial. Another program that runs in the audiology services, is the Cochlear Implants Program. First, the child is tested to see if a cochlear implant is suitable for their situation. Once they ve been stated eligible for the processRead MoreThe Importance of Having Health Insurance2385 Words   |  9 Pagesconditions that causes barriers to accessing, maintaining, or returning to employment or any other useful job. The number of people that suffer from hearing loss is so high that Audiological Devices Market (a manufacturer of hearing aids, cochlear implants and other hearing devices) was valued at $6.2 billion in 2011 and is forecasted to be valued at approximately $8.6 billion by 2018 due to higher demands. (Wall Street Journal) I think pretty much anyone that could hear better by using a hearing

Scenario Analysis Free Essays

In this case, there is an ethical dilemma in that I am visiting my friends place as a friend and not as an officer. Therefore, my friends would not want me to act on anything that I notice strange as an officer. On the other hand, whatever is happening is illegal and I just cannot let it go. We will write a custom essay sample on Scenario Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Fuller, (1975) says, one needs to act out of principles and leaving these people doing drugs is not at all a sign of a principled person. Since doing drugs such as cocaine is illegal, the law requires that an officer who notices such an activity take immediate action such as arresting the victim or the person in the possession of the drugs. The criterion that would guide me in this case is assessing the effect of what these people are doing, to themselves and to the large majority. It is illegal to do such drugs and therefore if I stop them, I will have done more good than harm. I would therefore consider the effect of stopping these people from doing drugs being greater that losing friendship. The first thing that I would do is to look for my friend and try to find out whether he is aware of the people who are doing drugs at the party. However, his outcome would not change my mind. If he says that, he is aware of these people doing drugs, I would tell him that this is illegal and leaving them as an officer is unethical on my part. If he does not know, I would inform him of some people who are doing drugs within his compound. I would then try to convince him that whether he knows this on not, the fact is that the act is illegal and wrong and that I would go ahead and arrest these people. I would try to convince him the effects and the dangers that these friends who are doing drugs are exposing to all the other people in the party. I would then go ahead and make arrests of these people. Scenario 2 What I do at the community policing office is out of my free will and the passion to serve the community. I therefore do not expect that someone out there should bring me any type of gift as a sign of appreciation. I believe in honest and a world that is free of corruption. In this case, the ethical dilemma presented is the fact that the person who visits me comes after I have done something for him. Even though the timing is good, the intentions of the gift are not good and therefore I would not feel right accepting it. The reason is that I would consider such a gift a bribe as he presents it behind the counter and only after I had served him. (Fuller, 1975) In this case, I would try to explain to him that I do not feel comfortable accepting the gift and much less behind the counter. I would try to explain to him that I served him not as a favor but because it is the right thing to do and I enjoy doing it. There is therefore no need for him to show that gesture as a sign of appreciation. I would try to reject the gift and at the same time not make him to see as if he was bribing me. If he insists, I would advise him to address the gift to the organization through the counter and assure him that I will surely get it. In this case, the gift will be an appreciation to the organization and the entire organization staff members will take the fruits. Scenario 3 There is an ethical dilemma in this case in that, there are some people who still do not appreciate homosexuality and therefore they cannot accept it. This means that such an officer may not give the best to the force as he is working under conditions that he does not appreciate. On the other hand, the law prohibits any form of discrimination and if I agree to Officer Davis wish and assign him to another officer, I would look as if am acting out of discrimination. I believe that we should not discriminate any person on basis of skin color, sexual orientation or any other basis. Just because Officer Davis does not like Officer Jones’ private life does not mean that they cannot work together. (Fuller, 1975) The first thing that I would do is to try to get the reason why Officer Davis wants to another officer assigned to him. I would try to get the real reason whether it is because Officer Jones is makings some unwelcomed sexual advances to office Davis or whether it is just because Officer Jones is a homosexual. If there happen to be no cases of sexual advancement, then I would not assign Officer Davis to another officer. I would explain to him that we should try to be professional in our duties and we should not interfere with other people’s private life. Officer Jones’ sexual orientation is private and it does not interfere with his professional duties. There is no reason to feel inferior or inappropriate working with him not unless he is making some sexual advances to Officer Davis, which Officer Davis does not like. How to cite Scenario Analysis, Papers

Bill Brysons Down Under free essay sample

Bill Bryson presents a unique perspective of Australia in his text ‘Down Under’. He uses the landscape, history and people he meets, as well as the daily activities he experiences to develop his own understanding and perspective of Australia. History plays an important role in the formation of Bryson’s perspective of Australia. â€Å"You really cannot move in Australia without bumping into some reminder of his [Lachlan Macquarie’s] tenure.Run your eye over the map and you will find a Macquarie Harbour, Macquarie Island, Macquarie Marsh, Macquarie River, Macquarie Fields, Macquarie Pass, Macquarie Plains, Lake Macquarie, Port Macquarie, Mrs Macquarie’s Chair (a lookout point over Sydney Harbour), Macquarie’s Point and a Macquarie town†. Bryson uses this to show and even criticise to an extent the trend Australians tend to have getting hold of a name that suits them and sticking with it. He finds it hard to believe that one place could have so many places named after the same thing and no one see anything wrong with it, a trait exclusive to Australia. We will write a custom essay sample on Bill Brysons Down Under or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bryson often researches the history of the areas he visits and then bases his initial impressions of the places on this information. Bryson hardly visits a town or city without first presenting the audience with an anecdote or brief history about the place. By doing this, he is putting the locations he visits into context and also shows the reader how he comes to form his first impressions about a place and what he expects to find and do there. The way Bryson makes his perspective of Australia uniquely his is that he builds upon these initial ideas of a place by experiencing them first hand.Because no one else could have exactly the same experiences as him, the audience is presented with a view of Australia that only Bryson could give. Bryson also discusses and visits the Australian landscapes to build on his perspective of Australia. Throughout the book, Bryson uses the history of the outback as well as his own experiences driving through it to describe his perspective of the landscape. At various points he emphasises the fact that the outback is a harsh and deadly place, and by the repetition of these ideas in the travelogue, Bryson is able to highlight that he believes that it is a very dangerous part of Australia. But then that’s the thing about the outback- it’s so vast and forbidding that much of it is still scarcely charted†.The language he uses when describing these sites presents a view of Australia that is very unique, because only Bill Bryson could describe them in such a way, and in no other place would you get the exact same perspective as he gives. Bryson also uses his experiences in order to highlight the positive views of Australia that he holds. â€Å"Almost at once I became acutely, and in an odd way delightedly, aware of how little I knew about the place†. By having m inimal knowledge about Australia, Bryson is able to draw his own ideas about Australia and the experiences he has creates a very unique perspective. Even the seemingly simple of tasks turn out to be a challenge, which highlights that Australia is completely different to anything he has experienced before. â€Å"I didn’t even know how to order coffee. It appeared that you had to specify a length (principally long or short), a colour (black or white) and even an angle of orientation to the perpendicular (flat or not), and these could be put together in a multitude of permutations- ‘long black’, ‘short black’, even ‘long short black’†.The use of humour reflects the light-hearted perception of Australia that Bryson has, and it also parallels the laid back attitude he believes Australians possess. Bill Bryson supports his beliefs of the typical Australian behaviour by including a number of personalities in his travelogue. Throughout his book, Bill Bryson makes several references to the friendly and laidback attitude that he believes Australians have. The friendliness of Australians - all of it quite sincere and spontaneous, as far as I could ever tell- never ceases to amuse or gratify†. This perspective of Australians he has is supported by the inclusion of various people he meets while he travels. The inclusion of Glenn and Deirdre who accompany Bryson to Manly beach is to highlight to casualness towards danger that Australians have, a trait he finds quite remarkable. â€Å"It occurred to me that Australians are so surrounded by danger that they have evolved an entirely new vocabulary to deal with it†.Also included is a steward on the Indian Pacific named Terry, who Bryson uses to describe the typical Australian vernacular in a humorous and satirical way. â€Å"Need a glass of water? ‘No worries, mate. I’ll get right on ‘er. ’ Just received word that your mother has died? ‘Not a drama. She’ll be apples’. † Bryson draws from the history, landscape and people of Australia in order to form a perspective of the country and uses his unique use of language to deliver it. The perspective of Australia displayed in ‘Down Under’ is a unique one that only Bill Bryson could give.

Gawain And Green Knight Essays (767 words) -

Gawain And Green Knight What is Sir Gawain's true personality like? Sir Gawain has two sides to his personality. The first side to Sir Gawain's personality is the way in which everyone else expects him to be. Sir Gawain has a certain honor to uphold as the noblest knight of the Round Table. Sir Gawain is expected to be chilvarous by being courageous, loyal, honest, courteous, the best at everything in which he attempts, and have a strong will to resist temptations of evil nature. Everyone believes Sir Gawain to be the perfect epitome of the knights. The way that Sir Gawain shows his courage and nobility is by accepting the challenge given to the knights of the Round Table by the Green Knight. Gawain accepts this challenge to release King Arthur. King Arthur was faced with the challenge and humility because there was no response to the challenge from the knights before Sir Gawain accepted. Sir Gawain also shows his loyalty and honesty by upholding his end of the challenge and making the journey to find the Green Knight and take his return blow of death from the axe. The second side to Sir Gawain's personality is the way that he is actually proven to be. When Sir Gawain is tested by fate he reveals that he is just as human as anyone else and shouldn't be put on such a high pedestal of heroics. Sir Gawain isn't as honest and courageous as everyone believes him to be. Sir Gawain proves himself to be imperfect. The way that Sir Gawain shows his imperfections is when he succumbs to Bercilak's wife's advances. Sir Gawain accepts the green girdle from her and doesn't tell Bercilak. Sir Gawain is breaking a pact between him and Bercilak and lies to him by omitting the gift from his gains won on that day. Sir Gawain shows another flaw when he shrinks away from the Green Knight's first attempted stroke from the axe. Sir Gawain feigns a cheerful face but deep down he is full of fear that wasn't expected from such a noble knight. In conclusion, Sir Gawain is not the perfect knight even though he strives his best to be. Through the Green Knight's tests, Sir Gawain is proven to be just as human as anyone else is. The other knights of the Round Table forgive him for not being absolutely perfect and learn from his mistakes and how he upholds his chilvaric code. Even though Sir Gawain is proven to be human, he is still in the end a courageous and noble knight. Baldesar Castiglione: The Book of the Courtier Niccolo Machiavelli: The Prince Does everyone's ideal leader have the same qualities and talents? How do Baldesar Castiglione's courtier compare to Niccolo Machiavelli's prince? The courtier and the prince have many similar qualities, but they also have some different qualities that set them apart. The courtier and the prince are similar in their roles of leadership. They should both be strong leaders with good reputations. Both should have virtuous qualities and seem compassionate and not cruel. Both should also be very intelligent in the qualifications of their positions and how to stay in control of their people. The prince should have a stronger military background and greater control over others than the courtier who doesn't control as many people. The prince and the courtier are very different in their aspect of how others perceive them and the way that they actually are. The prince should have virtuous qualities, but only to use them to his betterment. This keeps the prince from being marked as virtuous which can only bring him blame or shame. The prince should be thought compassionate and not cruel to gain respect and be feared to stay in control of his people. On the other hand, the courtier should show compassion for others and be bold, strong, and loyal to whomever he serves. The courtier should be bold and stern among the enemy but gentle, modest, and reserved with his kinsmen. The courtier's day is expected to have all of the hours filled with honorable and pleasant exercises designed for the body and the mind. These exercises are for the courtier to stay in control and have the respect of his people. The prince uses wit and trickery to stay in control of his people. In conclusion, both the prince and the courtier should seem to have the same qualities and talents to everyone else. The prince uses his trickery to stay in control, but the

Ultraviolet Radiation - Definition of Science Terms

Ultraviolet Radiation - Definition of Science Terms Ultraviolet radiation is another name for ultraviolet light. It is a part of the spectrum outside the visible range, just beyond the visible violet portion. Ultraviolet Radiation Definition Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation or light having a wavelength greater than 100 nm but less than 400 nm. It is also known as UV radiation, ultraviolet light, or simply UV. Ultraviolet radiation has a wavelength longer than that of x-rays but shorter than that of visible light. Although ultraviolet light is energetic enough to break some chemical bonds, it is not (usually) considered a form of ionizing radiation. The energy absorbed by molecules can provide the activation energy to start chemical reactions and may cause some materials to fluoresce or phosphoresce. The word ultraviolet means beyond violet. Ultraviolet radiation was discovered by the German physicist Johann Wilhelm Ritter in 1801. Ritter noticed invisible light beyond the violet portion of the visible spectrum darkened silver chloride treated paper more quickly than violet light. He called the invisible light oxidizing rays, referring to the chemical activity of the radiation. Most people used the phrase chemical rays until the end of the 19th century, when heat rays became known as infrared radiation and chemical rays became ultraviolet radiation. Sources of Ultraviolet Radiation About 10 percent of the light output of the Sun is UV radiation. When sunlight enters the Earths atmosphere, the light is about 50% infrared radiation, 40% visible light, and 10% ultraviolet radiation. However, the atmosphere blocks about 77% of solar UV light, mostly in shorter wavelengths. Light reaching the Earths surface is about 53% infrared, 44% visible, and 3% UV. Ultraviolet light is produced by black lights, mercury-vapor lamps, and tanning lamps. Any sufficiently hot body emits ultraviolet light (black-body radiation). Thus, stars hotter than the Sun emit more UV light. Categories of Ultraviolet Light Ultraviolet light is broken into several ranges, as described by ISO standard ISO-21348: Name Abbreviation Wavelength (nm) Photon Energy (eV) Other Names Ultraviolet A UVA 315-400 3.103.94 long-wave, black light (not absorbed by ozone) Ultraviolet B UVB 280-315 3.944.43 medium-wave (mostly absorbed by ozone) Ultraviolet C UVC 100-280 4.4312.4 short-wave (completely absorbed by ozone) Near ultraviolet NUV 300-400 3.104.13 visible to fish, insects, birds, some mammals Middle ultraviolet MUV 200-300 4.136.20 Far ultraviolet FUV 122-200 6.2012.4 Hydrogen Lyman-alpha H Lyman- 121-122 10.1610.25 spectral line of hydrogen at 121.6 nm; ionizing at shorter wavelengths Vacuum ultraviolet VUV 10-200 6.20124 absorbed by oxygen, yet 150-200 nm can travel through nitrogen Extreme ultraviolet EUV 10-121 10.25124 actually is ionizing radiation, although absorbed by the atmosphere Seeing UV Light Most people cannot see ultraviolet light, however, this is not necessarily because the human retina cant detect it. The lens of the eye filters UVB and higher frequencies, plus most people lack the color receptor to see the light. Children and young adults are more likely to perceive UV than older adults, but people missing a lens (aphakia) or who have had a lens replaced (as for cataract surgery) may see some UV wavelengths. People who can see UV report it as a blue-white or violet-white color. Insects, birds, and some mammals see near-UV light. Birds have true UV vision, as they have a fourth color receptor to perceive it. Reindeer are an example of a mammal that sees UV light. They use it to see polar bears against snow. Other mammals use ultraviolet to see urine trails to track prey. Ultraviolet Radiation and Evolution Enzymes used to repair DNA in mitosis and meiosis are believed to have developed from early repair enzymes that were designed to fix damage caused by ultraviolet light. Earlier in Earths history, prokaryotes could not survive on the Earths surface because exposure to UVB caused adjacent thymine base pair to bind together or form thymine dimers. This disruption was fatal to the cell because it shifted the reading frame used to replicate genetic material and produce proteins. Prokaryotes that escaped protective aquatic life developed enzymes to repair thymine dimers. Even though the ozone layer eventually formed, protecting cells from the worst of the solar ultraviolet radiation, these repair enzymes remain. Sources Bolton, James; Colton, Christine (2008). The Ultraviolet Disinfection Handbook. American Water Works Association. ISBN 978-1-58321-584-5.Hockberger, Philip E. (2002). A History of Ultraviolet Photobiology for Humans, Animals and Microorganisms. Photochemistry and Photobiology. 76 (6): 561–569. doi:10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760561AHOUPF2.0.CO2Hunt, D. M.; Carvalho, L. S.; Cowing, J. A.; Davies, W. L. (2009). Evolution and spectral tuning of visual pigments in birds and mammals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 364 (1531): 2941–2955. doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0044

Does Globalization help or hurt the state of Alabama Essay

Does Globalization help or hurt the state of Alabama - Essay Example Globalization effects are dependent on the state of development of the nation. Countries that are termed as developing may not benefit from globalization compared to developed nations. This can be attributed to the lack adequate fund to acquire technology to compete with developed nations. Globalization can thus be evaluated with regards to the effect it may have on the nation it affects. The state of Alabama will be positively affected by globalization (Mishkin 2009: 187-196). Alabama’s economy depends on various industries to ensure that there is economic growth in the state. Alabama generates its revenue from agriculture with leading products being livestock products. The state’s agricultural produce includes broilers, cattle, eggs, cotton, horticulture and calves. Crop farming comprises 18% of revenue generated from agriculture. The State has manufacturing industries that add value to the raw material imported or from the country. Manufacturing industries in the Sta te increase the revenue generated as the products from the manufacturing industries retail at a higher price compared to the raw material exports. Fishing along the golf of Mexico provides the State with revenue. Mining provides the state with most of the State's revenue with some of the minerals mined include coal, natural gasses and limestone. Mining in the State provides the local people with employment which improves their lifestyle. The service industry also contributes significantly to the State’s economy. The services provided in the state include community based, business government, and personal services (Cunat, 2009:179-212). Effects of trade The revenue generated from taxes levied on imports and exports from local and international businesses enable the government to run its operations. Globalization of economies requires that such trade barriers be eliminated to facilitate the free movement of commodities. The government can generate additional revenue from the bu siness with globalization. Globalization encourages international investors. International investors increase the employment opportunities through the industries they venture into in the State. Imports will increase through globalization. Increased imports enable the citizens of the State to choose from a wide range of products provided in the market. The free trade also facilitates exports such that the industries in Alabama can market their products in all markets they may find profitable. The trade in processed good from the industries in the state ensures that it enjoys favorable terms of trade. Unlike other nations especially the developing nation which star in sale of raw material, Alabama’s finished products may retail at a higher cost thus improving the States terms of trade. Improved trade between other States would ensure that the nation reduces its budget deficits. Budget deficits are as a result of increased government spending compared to the revenue it generates . Increased trade between other States enables the government to collect more revenue from the workers and the industries in the nation thus more revenue generated. Government spending in improvement of infrastructure and provision of some basic amenities can also be reduced by encouraging foreign investments (Andres 2011:885-901). Competition may be viewed as a local industry destroyer with many weak industries falling under the pressure of competition. Competition

Health Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Health Critique - Essay Example Practically, when a nurse is attending to a patient, proper communication relationship will influence 100% patient audience and awareness concerning the health issue. The nurse will be able to influence the positive attitude of the patient towards the health issue hence the patient gets motivated and hope for quick recovery. According to Dahlgren and Whitehead’s 1991 model, it is evident that sociological factors broadly affect and determine the health practice of an individual. According to the model, there are various factors that influence individual health which as socially related. The model broadly and clearly describes social-ecological theories towards proper health practice (Whitehead and Dahlgren, 2005). The main objective of the model is to map-out possibilities of the relationship between an individual, their environment, and diseases (Whitehead and Dalhgren, 2005). In relation to the video, it is evident that personal behavior and way of living is a major factor affecting the health of the patient. Poor personal behavior and bad choice of a peer is one of the greater social determinants towards proper health practices. In reality, most people fall victim to health issues due to a poor social relationship. For example, the choice to smoke is a personal decision that can be triggered by poor choices of friends. Peer influence is a major determinant of health in a society. This is because it is known that many people fall victim to serious health issues; for example drug abuse due to bad peer choice. On the other hand, societies with responsible peer groups do face fewer health issues that are socially unacceptable.  Ã‚  

Ethics in Engineering (Ford Crown Victoria Interceptor) Essay

Ethics in Engineering (Ford Crown Victoria Interceptor) - Essay Example Though there was no abnormality of this setup, engineers should reposition the fuel tank for the police vehicles to minimize these accidents. The design for fuel-tank in the Crown Victoria Police Interceptor (CVPI) was all right according to federal safety standards (Fleddermann, 2011). However, CVPI had failed to take precautions necessary for minimizing the risk of explosion of the fuel tank in case the vehicle was smashed from behind. Ford should have positioned the tank far from the axle bolt because it is responsible for causing damage to the tank when the car experiences a rear smash (Lieu & Sorby, 2009). Ford should also have distanced the fuel tank away from the crash region. These precautions are essential in police vehicles because of they're prone to such incidences since they are usually parked a short distance from the road. The design for the fuel tank in CVPI failed to meet acceptable engineering standards (Fleddermann, 2011). This is because engineers have a duty to ensure safety for their clients and the general public. Engineers should exercise their professional skills and ethics when discharging their duties. Therefore, since the engineers knew the use of the police vehicles and the risk they were exposed to in case of rear smash, they should have taken preventative measures to minimize such risks. Engineers have an obligation to conform to the existing states laws, professional principles and exercise their skills to the best of their ability to discharge their duties safely and successfully (Pahl, Wallace & Blessing, 2007). Therefore, it was vital that the designers obeyed federal regulations during discharge of their roles. The CVPI vehicles for use by police were supposed to be redesigned by placing the gas-tank some distance from the axle to minimize the risk of damage to the tank.

Melaka After Being Labeled As Unesco Historical City Tourism Essay

Melaka After Being Labeled As Unesco Historical City Tourism Essay Chapter 2 is an overview of literature and models that are related to the research problem presented in the previous chapter. Reviewing the literature help to define the perception and reflect on the value and benefits of UNESCO label and its terms and conditions. In addition, the opportunity of tourism industry to the economic growth of Malaysia and Malacca, the impact and implementation will be discuss further. In the early era of human being, human travels or moving from a place to another place in order to avoid from danger, hunting for foods or changing of weather. Besides that, war, trade, religion and leisure also made people to move (Ding Kay Lee, 2009). The origin of modern tourism is usually quoted as the Grand Tour (Kastenholz, 2002). Where after, the industrialization epoch makes travel accessible for a up rising number of people due to more revenue, idles time available, improved of technology, increase of knowledge and curiosity. Before War World II, the growing needs of leisure are low due to bad working, hard living predicament and low standard of episteme. The increase of private business, car ownership, and improvement of the road system and the development of the airline industry after World War II help to catalyze and inspire the growth of the tourism industry (Ding Kay Lee, 2009). Next, with the effect of increasing in industrialization development, it has brought to increasing of the demand for international tourism to urge the development of the international tourism industry. Nowadays, tourism almost becomes part of the basic need in the wealthiest part of the developed world, where it assists people to obtain a higher degree of physically and psychological balance (Kastenholz, 2002). 2.1 Tourism Industry Definition of tourism industry is difficult; it is defined as a people who travel and stay in a place beside from their staying more than twenty-four hours and not more than one year for leisure, business and other goals not related to the implement of an activity rewarded within the place visit. An integrity model of tourism is shared by Cook, Yale, and Marquas (1999) which spine around the tourists and divided into three large layers, which include several tourism participants and organizations of inter-dependent groups, enveloping the focus point. The first layer of the model consists of the tourism promoters such as tour administrators, tourists board and traveler agents. Marketing efforts will be carrying out directly and indirectly by the administrators to the tourists. Matters pertaining on travel issue normally will be corresponded between tourists and administrators. The tourism services suppliers is the second layer of the model where provide services that are asked by tourists such as transportation and accommodation. The third layer is the environment. Comparing other industries, the external environments, which consists of social, cultural, political, environmental, and economic forces is reveled by tourism industry. The ability of both tourism administrators and services suppliers to react regularly on forces that may range from tricky and sudden changes is necessary. (Ding Kay Lee, 2009) Socio-cultural appearance and an economic development tool for both tourist generating and receiving countries also as an important sector of tourism. Tourism helps to create employment and business opportunity in the most visited region in personnel property. Positive effects on income will receive by both investors and employees in the industry. Effects of multiplication happen when tourists consume, government infrastructural investment and the purchasing power created by the enlargement income. In addition, foreign exchange for the receiving countries can be achieved from the exportation branch of international tourism. Tourism Promoters Tourism service Supplier Enviromental Cook, Yale, and Marquas (1999) tourism model 2.2 A City of Future with Listing of UNESCO The future of Malaccas tourism industry is well foretells with the World Heritage listing. This will bring in new businesses opportunities idle domestic or international and wishing the forwardness of cultural infrastructures. However, tourism can be a double-edged sword. It is critical to surveillance and minimize the negative impress of tourism, assuring against inverts of destiny (tourism industry unstably influenced by perishes and fuel prices) or over-success in case fast gentrification, hovering asset prices and living costs compel the locals. Through the heritage trial design, the advantages of tourism could be promote for local communities and stakeholders by community groups, training and attaching them as administers, judger and retailers. A coordinated information platform could help to accelerate local initiatives such as cultural programs, home stays and small enterprises. Thinking of to making Malacca a city of the future -an ideal location for creative throngs and ICT enterprises, or a cultural, leisure and service center for the larger Indonesia- Malaysia- Singapore Growth Triangle Region is to be transformed. Such strategies should be directed at restoring abandon buildings, not substituting presence communities. On the other hand, economic merit could be achieved by expending the educational potential of Malacca. The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca should be taught in Malaysian schools on its local historic and sense. With a little more interpretation and cultural installation, Malacca could serve as an open museum of its civilization and architecture, catering especially to Malaysian and ASEAN students. As a field introduction to Asian cultures, study trips are already being organized annually by several foreign universities for undergraduate and graduate students. To go further with this idea, the existing of a prestigious university with an urban campus not only helps revive the city but also create a demand for student accommodation and local services. (Heritage Asia OCT -Dec 2008) 2.2.1 Term and Condition of UNESCO Listing To be listed in World Heritage list, sites must be of remarkable universal value and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria. The Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention  explained the criteria which, besides for the text of Convention, it also the main processing tool on World Heritage. Regularly reformulated on the criteria are done by the Committee to reflect the developing of the World Heritage concept itself. Until end of 2004, six basis cultural and four natural criteria were selected by World Heritage site. With revising the adoption of the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, only one set of ten criteria exists. Below and the criterias of include in the World Heritage List: (Quoted from WOLD HERITAGE SITE, 2004) Selection criteria: To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; To exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; To bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; To be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria); To contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; To be outstanding examples representing major stages of earths history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; To be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; To contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. The protection, management, authenticity and integrity of properties are also important considerations. 2.2.2 Benefit of Heritage As Malacca had gained a world heritage label in 2008, it had brought certain advantages or significant on Malacca Economic, state development, communities, social, education and site owners. (Little Penang Street Market, 2009) For example, there will be: New business opportunities generated for a host, not least deriving from the prestigious Heritage listing. A wider development of a creative economy in Malacca is to be linked, as well as to a cleaner, safer, more positive civic environment through commitment to a decent management plan. Increased local, federal and international project funding access. An increase in tourist arrivals, not least in cultural tourism, again leading to greater business opportunities and turnover. Cultural tourists are known to stay longer and spend more. Potential for investment in local artisans and craftspeople, with subsidies, training and identification of new commercial opportunities. The continuation of other development and business activities. Greater economic returns through appreciation in value. Improved documentation of city and state. 2.2.3 Culture Tourism Tourism can be considered as an omnipresent appearance in modern society, but its definition is far from consensual. Normally, people think of tourism as holidays focusing on the pleasure motive, but neglecting other forms of travel, such as business tourism, cultural tourism, and health tourism. (Ding Kay Lee, 2009) Cultural tourism is defined as the persons movement for essentially cultural intentions such as study tours, performing arts and cultural tours; travel to festivals and other related events by World Tourism Organization (2001). Essentially, cultural tourism is based on the mosaic of places, traditions, art forms, celebrations and experiences that portray of host nation and its people (National Assembly of State Arts Agencies, 2005). On other hand, following technical definition of cultural tourism: all movements of persons to specific cultural attractions, such a heritage sites, artistic and cultural appearances, arts and drama outside their usual place of residence are suggest by Bonink and Richards (1992). Generally, in the point of view, travelers with high socio-economic status, high levels of education, sufficient leisure time, and often having occupations related to the cultural industries and education is likely to be compose in culture tourism (Richards, 1996). 2.3 Tourisms Potential for Economic Growth Tourism is one of the important sectors of Malaysian economy growth; it is third income of the economy just after mining (petroleum) and manufacturing (Pazim @ Fadzim Othman, 2009). Rapid growth of tourism industry has been identified as a key driver of growth in the services sector. The industry has strengthened the services account of the payment and continues to be a hinge of foreign exchange earner, contributing to GDP (gross domestic product) growth, investment and jobs employment. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Generally, other related service industries, particularly food and beverages, accommodation, transport, entertainment, shopping, foreign currency development of regions (Avi Ella, 2009) and other small and medium-sized industries will be affected by the expansions of tourism industry on its growth. Based on the Ninth Malaysia Plan 2006-2010, tourism-related activities provided 492,000 jobs for employees which representing 4.4 per cent of the total workforce in 2006.Compare with 390,600 jobs in 2000, accounting for 4.2 per cent of the total workforce, it has increase 26 per cent of the work force. However, it is even greater in employment creation, when the strong linkages tourism with other segments of the economy, such as transportation, retail, utilities, food and beverages, as well as financial services are taking into account. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Moreover, tourism also plays an important role in helping low-income groups improving their livelihood and income earn through involvement in tourism-related activities, such as rural homestay program, eco- and agro-tourism tour guide activities as well as handicraft industries. Below is the statistic of homestay program in Malaysia. In April 2009, 3,150 Homestay participants had registered with Ministry of Tourism. (Tourism Malaysia, 2009) Statistic of Homestay Visitors Domestic Visitor International Visitor 2007 2008 Growth (%) 2007 2008 Growth (%) 51,055 68,416 34 21,368 23,117 8.2 Receipts of Homestay Receipts (RM) 2007 2008 Growth (%) Jan-Mac 2009 Growth (%) 4,923,433.30 6,393,676.63 29.9 2,319,018.40 7,755,616.30 Table 1: Statistic of Malaysia Homestay from Tourism Malaysia 2.3.1 Tourism Brings Prosperity to Malacca As a part of Heritage Worlds, Malacca is proud with its own economic performance at a macro level and is far better than the national level or that 11 other states. It holds huge potential in gaining more income for business and improves the livelihood of locals and has generated employment opportunities. (Bernama, February 20 2008). For the last 7 years, Malaccas economic performance successfully generated a stimulating growth of economy with an average Gross Domestic Output (GPP) of 5.8 per cent with its unique and amazing of tourism contribution.   In 2008, more than 6 million people visited the historical state last year and spent RM3 billion during their stay. With the present Malaccas tourism campaign of Visiting Historical Malacca Means Visiting Malaysia, 6.8 million tourists are expected with the expectation they will be spending RM3.4 billion in their journey of traveling. With the slow growth of world economy, Malacca is harvesting more on the service sector and the crops are mainly come from the tourism industry. Its 65% of Malacca GDP in 2008. (Tourism Malacca, 2008) To ensuring the tourism sector progresses for the benefit of the state and its people, Malacca played an important role in Malaysias tourism industry as a historical and safe destination and with a unique mix of modern infrastructure and nation, the state government has implement a lot of projects in this several years and investing a lot of money to protect and renew the valuable heritage cultures and architectures. Malacca is highly optimistic of the tourist numbers and extrapolations point the number will reach 8.2 million by 2010. (Tourism Malacca, 2008) Table 2: Statistic from Tourism Melaka 2008 Adapting from Bernama report, Malacca Chief Minister Datuk Seri Mohd Ali Rustam noted that, in ensuring the benefit of the state and its people with the progress of culture tourism sector, the state is in the midst of implementing several new high impact tourism projects. Among them is the development of Sungai Malacca at a cost of RM320mil as a new growth tourism centre that will parallel San Antonio River in the United States for its beauty and cleanliness. Several value-added projects are to be established along the banks of Sungai Malacca, among others the Casa Del Rio Boutique Hotel worth RM85mil, the Customs, Immigration and Quarantine (CIQ) Complex valued at RM35mil and a marina worth RM25mil. Besides that, archaeological works on the Malacca Fort walls are being undertaken with an allocation of RM12.8mil from the Federal Government. The Malacca government through Tourism Malaysia, the Malacca State Tourism Action Committee and relevant agencies are always working out new ideas to turn Malacca into a compelling tourism centre in the world. With the emphasis given by state government on tourism events of international expend and working closely with United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in order to promote Malacca as one of world heritage sites to international tourists. With the acknowledgement from UNESCO, Malacca will continue remain as a tourism destination of choice for local and foreign tourists. Besides that, famous local traditional food such as nyonya food, Portugal ikan bakar, and chicken rice ball should exploit in advertisement of ICT to attract the cultural tourists to visit the state. It is important to note that such food is not only delicious but only can be found in Malacca. The art of cooking this delicious food can also be used as an attraction tool for cultural tourists. In addition, Malacca is also famous with its dessert such as baba type ais kacang, cendol, and coconut shake. For information, accommodation is not a problem where there are 5096 hotel rooms, 2458 resort hotel rooms, 484 chalets and 136 homestay rooms. Thus Malaccas tourism industry will continue to bringing greater prosperity to the state and its people. 2.3.2 Impact of Historical Tourism to Entrepreneurs/ Small Business in Malacca Tourism development provides an avenue for overall economic development and a boost for local entrepreneurship or small business activities. As a result, the encouragement of entrepreneurship and sustainable tourism development has emerged as core areas for policy support and donor-assisted funding across both developed and developing  world. Tourism and Entrepreneurship: international perspectives provides an innovative, fresh approach reflecting on the most recent trends in tourism development. The central stage of the book is the role of entrepreneurship in the context of regional/local tourism development.   From what I had observed, tourism in Malacca is increasing recently after being labeled as UNESCO World Heritage. The tourists are from local such as Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and so on. While for international tourists, mostly are from Singapore as they are just the neighbors of Malaysia, others are from Japan, Taiwan and China. On the other hand, with the increasing of tourism in Malacca, it also brings the impact to the small business especially small business/ entrepreneurs in Jonker Street, such as Malacca Nyoya Laksa, chicken rice ball, cendoll and traditional handicrafts. Beside from that, it also brings economic benefit to the small business near town such as Newton food court, Malacca Spring Tower, shopping mall such as Dataran Phalawan and Mahkota Perade. The business of tricycle at Red House Malacca also seems to be increase recently with the visit of tourists. For hotel business, it is part of the expenditures among the traveler, there is more and more hotels are build in Malacca, there are a lot of hotel choices rating from budget hotel to 5 start hotel such as Kings Hotel, Equatorial Hotel, Star Regency Hotel and Holiday Inn. During the weekend, the room of most hotels almost fully book, it is around 80% (9th Malaysia Plan). In addition, the eco-culture tourism also becomes one of the famous visited by tourism such as zoo Malacca, butterfly farm, tropical food and bee farm. In 2 years time, there will be another tourism site near by zoo Negara. It is Malacca Mini Water Park and another hotel will be build there to overcome the needs of tourists. In order to overcome the increase of tourists, historic Malacca will be introducing a RM272 million tram transportation system which will begin at the Plaza Tol Ayer Keroh here and cover 23 locations and a distance of 40 km to downtown in 2011. 2.4 Pro-poor Tourism Pro-poor tourism is an approaching of tourism to the poor that increases the net benefits (Ashley et. al, 2001). Pro-poor tourism is introduce long time ago as a tourism product and purely to ensure that the poorer section of the community too will have their share of the tourism economic pie in a host. It will decrease inequality and the increasing gap between the rich and poor which result in pro- poor growth. Deteriorating income distribution is part of a concern in Malaysia where poverty is becoming more complex coupled; new approaches are required since previous ones have little impact on poverty reduction (Yeang, 2005). 2.4.1 Assessment of Pro- Poor Tourism in Melaka Historic City Malacca is a popular tourism destination among international and domestic tourists as it is known for its historical past and rich in heritage site. Tourism is an important economic sector in Malacca and it is the second most concernment in terms of its contribution to the states revenue after manufacturing and mining. Malacca was able to attract 4 million international and domestic tourists in 2004, mostly concentrating in the Malacca Historic City itself. Compare with the total number of visitor in table 2, table 3 shows the number of international and domestic tourist arrivals in Malacca from 2001 to 2004. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) Table 3: Number of International and Domestic Tourist Arrivals in Malacca (2001- 2004) Category Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 Domestic 1.48 1.80 2.86 2.99 International 1.02 1.20 0.74 1.01 Total 2.50 3.00 3.60 4.00 2.4.2 Cities and Tourism From what had World Tourism Organization find out, recent trends and prognosis studies signifying that cities will continue to be in high demand by tourists of all sorts especially cities with UNESCO listed such as Malacca and Penang. With Malaysia benefits from its own special location and is ideal for foreign tourists searching for new world of tourism (Pazim @ Fadzim Othman, 2009). Many culture tourists like to spend their time wondering around in the cities to see its specialties and experiencing the culture, architectures, enthusiasm of nation and not least with it historical places. However, all parties concerned must be more systematically equipped and aware with the problems connected in handling of these tourists. (World Tourism Organization, 2009) Therefore, cities face is a double challenge. Firstly, good respondents to the expectations and needs of the growing numbers of tourists who are attracted to their rich and various ornament of cultural, business, entertainment, shopping, sports and other attractions; furthermore, in order to maintain their share in the competitive tourism market and the benefits resulting from it, continuous renovation and improve such infrastructure is needed to be construct annually. Secondly, cities have to ensure that tourism is developed and managed in such a way that it benefits the resident population, equality of development, does not contribute to the deterioration of the urban environment but rather to its enhancement, and does not become a financial burden to the local authority (AIDE MEMOIRE, 1999). There are three key dimensions of tourism in cities and urban areas: Products   To enhance the unique appeal of Malacca tourism product and service, the state government continue to promote their states traditional advantages, its cultural and natural heritage with its eco- and agro- tourism. Other tourism products include theme parks, operators of events (sports, shows, and fairs), museums, hotels and also convention and exhibition (MICE) segment. (Night Malaysia Plan 2006-2010) Information   As the relying of information in tourism sector is high, information and communication technology (ICT) contribute unlimitedly to the tourism business especially the Internet. It has substantially changed the strategy for tourism stakeholders, providing new challenges and opportunities in promoting and selling their products and services. Several campaign such as Visiting Historical Malacca Means Visiting Malaysia,, Malacca International Tourism Show (MITS) 2009, and ZOOM MELAKA can be spread to the worlds through ICT in form of internet, advertisement, e-commerce and news. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Impacts   Economic and development opportunities as well as the impact of tourism growth on sustainable development, transportation, food and entertainments, cultural, and environmental, social and economic aspects form tourism industry to the cities and its people to be benefited. (AIDE MEMOIRE, 1999)   2.4.3 Implementation of State Government to Boost up Number of Tourist Arrivals to Historical City. With the impact of Malacca being label as UNESCO site, a number of tourism infrastructure projects have being implemented by state government in its effort to boost up the number of tourist arrivals, increasing their length of staying and to maximize revenue earn from tourism. These various tourism projects in relationship with the marginalized communities can be categorized as either circumstantial or deliberate. Circumstantial is development of tourism which is not targeted for the poor but the runoff over of the development benefits the poor. Deliberate is when the development is mainly aimed for the poor. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) Tables 4 and 5, it briefly list the various government tourism projects and special events, the agency responsible for the development, aim of the development and its benefits to the marginalized communities. A scale, ranging from 1 for low benefit to 3 for high benefit is used as an estimate to indicate the benefits received by the marginalized communities. Table 4: Tourism Projects and its Benefit to Marginalized Communities No Government Tourism Projects Agency AIM/ Purpose Benefits to Marginalized Communities 1 Malacca River Rehabilitation MOTOUR/ MBMB To beautify revitalize Malacca River as a tourist attraction 2 Opportunities available but need intervention. Potential future benefit from boat cruise. 2 Street Improvement Scheme along Jln. Tokong/Jln. Tukang Besi/Jln. Tukang Emas And Jln. Hang Jebat Ministry Of Housing And Local Government To create safe and conducive walking environment for tourists 1 Gentrify and revitalize inner cities Benefit elite businessmen 3 Development of Hang Tuah Mall based on the concept of Bukit Bintang Walk Ministry Of Housing And Local Government /MBMB Revitalize shopping precinct 2 To provide flagship tourism product (State icon product) Meant to house petty traders but the high rent hinders their participations 4 Restoration of 18 units of shop houses along Jln Laksamana MBMB To visually enhance gateway to Malacca and to attract tourist users 2 Still maintain previous occupants 5 Mini museum/gallery at Portuguese Settlement/Kg.Chetti/Kg.Pali PERZIM To showcase and preserve Melakas Heritage 1 Poor presentation Low tourist appeal Superficial No emotional attachment Lack Revenue capture Mechanism 6 Conservation restoration of historical building, national monuments Museum Antiquity Department To showcase Cultural diversity and Preserve Malacca heritage 3 Allows trinkets sellers to set up stalls along popular tourist route 7 Restoration of Atlas Ice PERZIM Cultural centre. Business incubator for handicraft. To supply Genuine handicraft. 1. Low Benefit 2. Moderate Benefit 3. High Benefit Table 5: Special Events and its Benefits to Marginalized Communities No Special Tourism Events Agency AIM/ Purpose Benefits to Marginalized Communities 1 Jonker Walk : Involves the closures of Jalan Hang Jebat (Jonker Street) on Friday, Saturday and Sunday evenings to be turned into a cultural night market Jonker Walk Committee Chinese Chamber Of Commerce To introduce night life and activities as well as the cultural ambience 2 Directly benefits food sellers within the area. 2 Seasonal/ Cultural/ Religious Events Portuguese Settlement San Pedro Fiesta Intrudo (Water Festival) San Juang Fiesta (Light Festival) Christmas Portuguese Committee To preserve religious and cultural heritage 3 Commodification of culture and high direct benefit even though seasonal Extend length of festival (no of days) 3 Kg Chetti Ponggol Festival New Year Deepavali Trustee Executive To preserve religious and cultural heritage 1 Fail to capitalize the benefits of various events 1. Low Benefit 2. Moderate Benefit 3. High Benefit The qualitative assessments of the preliminary show that opportunities do exist for marginalized communities to benefit from tourism. However, in order to fully exploit the benefits of tourism due to their present situation, involving and assistance are required for them to make the plans and projects to success. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) 2.5 ICT in Historical Tourism As the market for tourism is highly depending on information, information and communication technology (ICT) can contribute boundlessly to the tourism business. ICT have essentially changed the method of playing for tourism stakeholders, providing new challenges and opportunities in promoting and selling their products and services,

Formal Analysis of Woman and Bicycle by Willem de Kooning Essay

Formal Analysis: Woman and Bicycle by Willem de Kooning Woman and Bicycle is an abstract expressionist painting created by Willem de Kooning in 1952-53 as part of his collection of Women paintings. It roughly measures 6ft. by 4ft. in size and is an oil painting on canvas. The image can be understood to be figurative, however the figure is difficult to decipher on account of the haphazard style in which it was created. It appears that the picture has been altered a great many times, as if it is just one picture deposited upon the remains of or intentions of ones prior. It is easy to decipher a pair of large jaunty eyes with their gaze intently directed back towards the viewer over a pair of particularly large breasts. The insinuation of a body remains just that, wildly gestural brushstrokes that only imply the presence of hips and thighs. De Kooning himself makes note of the illusive nature of his forms saying, â€Å"Content is a glimpse of something, and encounter like a flash. It’s very tiny—very tiny, content,à ¢â‚¬  (Hess p.148). Another more distinguishable element in this painting is the pair of legs centered at the bottom of the canvas. Beyond this, the theory of content in this piece is at the discretion of the viewer’s imagination. The gestural and heavy working of the paint and the contrasting colors make the painting appear active yet are arduous to follow. The defining element of Woman and Bicycle is the presence of the black lines that do most of the work in terms of identifying the figure. Through the wild nature of the brushwork, color, and composition of the painting, it can be implied that the artist is making an implication towards the wild nature of even the most proper of women. The most... ...ess in such a vulgarly constructed work of art. The contrasts between depth and surface, figure and landscape, promiscuity and modesty, beauty and vulgarity all present themselves in de Kooning’s Woman and Bicycle. Although the figure is a seemingly normal woman out for an afternoon with her bike, she becomes so much more through the artist’s use of color, contrast, and composition. The exotic nature of woman presents itself in her direct stare and slick buxom breasts in spite of a nearly indiscernible figure. It is understood that, on the whole, de Kooning did not paint with a purpose in mind, but rather as an opportunity to create an experience, however, that does not go to say that there isn’t some meaning that can come of this work. Even Willem de Kooning once said that art is not everything that is in it, but what you can take out of it (Hess p.144). Formal Analysis of Woman and Bicycle by Willem de Kooning Essay Formal Analysis: Woman and Bicycle by Willem de Kooning Woman and Bicycle is an abstract expressionist painting created by Willem de Kooning in 1952-53 as part of his collection of Women paintings. It roughly measures 6ft. by 4ft. in size and is an oil painting on canvas. The image can be understood to be figurative, however the figure is difficult to decipher on account of the haphazard style in which it was created. It appears that the picture has been altered a great many times, as if it is just one picture deposited upon the remains of or intentions of ones prior. It is easy to decipher a pair of large jaunty eyes with their gaze intently directed back towards the viewer over a pair of particularly large breasts. The insinuation of a body remains just that, wildly gestural brushstrokes that only imply the presence of hips and thighs. De Kooning himself makes note of the illusive nature of his forms saying, â€Å"Content is a glimpse of something, and encounter like a flash. It’s very tiny—very tiny, content,à ¢â‚¬  (Hess p.148). Another more distinguishable element in this painting is the pair of legs centered at the bottom of the canvas. Beyond this, the theory of content in this piece is at the discretion of the viewer’s imagination. The gestural and heavy working of the paint and the contrasting colors make the painting appear active yet are arduous to follow. The defining element of Woman and Bicycle is the presence of the black lines that do most of the work in terms of identifying the figure. Through the wild nature of the brushwork, color, and composition of the painting, it can be implied that the artist is making an implication towards the wild nature of even the most proper of women. The most... ...ess in such a vulgarly constructed work of art. The contrasts between depth and surface, figure and landscape, promiscuity and modesty, beauty and vulgarity all present themselves in de Kooning’s Woman and Bicycle. Although the figure is a seemingly normal woman out for an afternoon with her bike, she becomes so much more through the artist’s use of color, contrast, and composition. The exotic nature of woman presents itself in her direct stare and slick buxom breasts in spite of a nearly indiscernible figure. It is understood that, on the whole, de Kooning did not paint with a purpose in mind, but rather as an opportunity to create an experience, however, that does not go to say that there isn’t some meaning that can come of this work. Even Willem de Kooning once said that art is not everything that is in it, but what you can take out of it (Hess p.144).

Movie Buff: Brave heart

When you are looking for a film with brilliance, value and entertainment at the same time, you should watch out for the movie Brave Heart. It is a story of clandestine, freedom, bravery and passionate love despite all of the circumstances. Brave heart is an epic drama of 1995 by Mel Gibson. The story is originally by the novel of Randal Wallace. The story revolves about how the protagonist, William Wallace dares to change the way of how England was being managed by King Edward I also known as Longshanks.William has been the forefront of the First War of Scottish Independence against Longshanks. The movie is indeed a catch. It does not have any dull moments or any flat lines all over the story. To serve as evidence, the movie Brave heart had won five academy awards at the 68th Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Director. Gibson successfully delivered the movie simple and specific yet very substantial.The scenes are not that complicated, but you can easily understand its meanings and the story. There are no ironic phases where you have to comprehend and study it more. The story might be common and cliche, but it has been delivered fairly with brilliance. The movie is great. It is a story of passion and value. It is a flow where knowledge and entertainment had meet on the middle.

Cognitive psychology on driving and phone usage

Cognitive psychology on driving and phone usage Introduction Some people claim that multitasking is an inevitable part of a fast-changing world. They believe that the current workplace is full of interruptions that must be accommodated. It is almost impossible for them to focus on one task uninterruptedly.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive psychology on driving and phone usage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is why many end up using their phones when driving. However, research shows that making phone calls can reduce a driver’s ability to perform tasks well because of the cognitive challenges involved. Multitasking versus performing a single task Cognitive skills are those mental skills that facilitate learning. One of these skills includes attention, which can be selective, divided or sustained. Multitasking is recognized as divided attention because it involves retaining and attending to two or more things. People do not ‘multitaskâ₠¬â„¢ per say; they merely switch from one task to another at very quick rates. When multitasking, individuals find it difficult to give tasks adequate attention and this leads to superficial processing. As one carries out a certain activity, one is likely to develop attention based inertia, which makes it very difficult to distract such a person. Multitasking disrupts this state of inertia and thus minimizes a person’s ability to perform tasks well (Frith et al., 2001). Cell-phone use requires cognitive skills because it is not an automated task; additionally, the same thing can be said about driving. These skills become automatic when practiced continually. For example, one can typewrite or play instruments with relative ease after doing so for a long time. This means that active processing may no longer be necessary. However, safe driving involves continuous learning and so does telephone use so these activities cannot be automated. For this reason, it is quite difficult to multitask when the activities involved are driving and talking on the phone (Redelmeier Tibshirani, 1997). Different types of talking Talking to passengers differs from talking on the phone because the passengers can pin point threats on the road. Passengers are likely to keep quiet when the driver is in the middle of a heavy traffic jam or when he or she is driving in hazardous conditions. Consequently, such passengers make driving safer.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hands free calling and conventional calling Holding a phone when driving may cause the driver to use only one hand for the latter task and this compromises driving performance. Hands free calling can reduce this problem by giving a driver freedom to use both hands. However it would still not address the root cause of the problem, which is related to the processing of information from multiple sources. The mind would still be involved in receiving and processing information from the telephone conversation as well as the road. Eventually, this would lead to dangerous repercussions such as swerving or crushing. Researchers have shown that most television viewers cannot process information effectively when watching two TC sets (Frith et al., 2001). The same thing applies to people who try to listen to two conversations at the same time. People will not remember most of the things they see or hear when this information comes to them simultaneously, because the brain’s cortex cannot effectively distinguish between relevant and irrelevant distractions. A conventional phone call is not different from a hands-free phone call because both distract the mind with new audio information. The brain focuses more on the phone conversation than the visual information from the highway because the latter information does not change as fast as the conversation does. This also happens because word s disappear after they are spoken so the mind would want to capture them before they fade away. As a result, drivers are likely to ignore certain visual cues on the road and this could be unsafe. Driving is a complex task which requires one to react to incoming information very quickly. Sometimes a pedestrian may cross the road unexpectedly or another car may get onto the wrong lane; these changes require frequent and rapid responses. One cannot respond promptly when one’s attention is focused on a phone conversation (Anderson, 2010). Text messaging when driving Text messaging is by far the most complicated of all phone related tasks. It requires a great deal of visual scanning, decision making, information processing and attention. A text message involves greater visual scanning than a phone call because a sender needs to look at the message he or she is creating, and that would take his or her eyes off the road.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Cogn itive psychology on driving and phone usage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One also needs to make decisions on the kinds of words to use. This would be much harder because it involves the use of literacy skills, which are not required in phone conversations. Drivers would find information processing and concentration to be more difficult when text messaging than when talking on the phone. They need to ensure that they divide their attention between the road and the phone as they text. Some may miss visual cues when composing the message. All these additional task demands make text messaging more dangerous than talking on the phone. Conclusion Driving and talking on the phone simultaneously can be dangerous because both activities require cognitive skills. The brain focuses on the phone call at the expense of the most important task which is driving. One’s reaction time is severely impeded and this could be very hazardous. References Anderson, J. (2010). Cognitive psychology and its implications. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Frith, C., Rees, G., Fockert, J., lavie, N. De Fockert, J. (2001). Role of working memory in visual selective attention. Science journal, 291(5509), 1803-1806 Redelmeier, D. Tibshirani, R. (1997). Association between cellular telephone calls and motor vehicle collisions. New England Journal of Medicine, 336(7), 453-458

President Nixons Foreign Policy Successes and Failures essays

President Nixon's Foreign Policy Successes and Failures essays Although President Richard Nixon is known more for the Watergate scandal and as the only US President to have resigned from office, he was responsible for introducing a number of bold and innovative foreign policy When Nixon took over the office of US President in 1969, the Vietnam War was the main issue in the country. During his election campaign, Nixon had promised to bring the American soldiers home. He started to implement a "Vietnamization" policy aimed at a gradual withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam while encouraging greater involvement of South Vietnam in the war. However, Nixon desired that the US should not be perceived as having lost the war and "peace should be achieved with honor." These contradictory aims led to his escalation of the War in April 1970 when the invasion of Cambodia was authorized, supposedly to pursue the North Vietnamese forces. By the time Nixon finally pulled out of Vietnam in 1973, thousands of additional Vietnamese and American soldiers had died. The US was also perceived to have lost the war disastrously and Nixon gained little by delaying the withdrawal. His handling of the Vietnam War can be considered Nixon was more successful in other foreign policy initiatives. By basing the US foreign policy on "realist" rather than "moral" principles, Nixon pursued a policy of dtente and developed more cordial relations with the Soviet Union. This resulted in signing of important anti-ballistic missile (ABM) and SALT treaties between the two super-powers and lowered the Cold War tensions. Nixon's greatest foreign policy success was the development of relations with Communist China. Until his historic visit to Mainland China in 1972, any dealings with the Communist Chinese regime were considered to be taboo in the United States; therefore Nixon's initiative ...

Finish part B and C Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Finish part B and C - Essay Example As Ventura capitalists venture into CF ltd, CF ltd needs to function based on equity, and it ought to have a market large enough to validate the millions being invested in the company. Value refers to the combined elements that contribute towards creating the worthiness of a company. The venture capitalist measures the value of CF ltd through identifying certain attributes of the firm such as its assets, shares, liabilities and capital funds. That is an essential tool that aids in identifying the future expectation in company growth. In the proposed investment, Ventura ltd assesses how important and otherwise untapped value creation occurs through the use of anticipated technology and products, and also defining the revenue stream precisely. CF ltd aims at acquiring a new drug line. Most investors know that new drug targets have large barriers to entry due to regulatory processes. As a venture capitalist works on investing their money into the company, first it needs to monitor the company’s trends in the industry and how it conducts itself in terms of adhering to regulations. Knowledge about a crucial investment requires the investor to find established partners who are early adopters in validating a product and endorse it, allowing more sales. At what stage does the firm develop technology? Can the organisation identify and mitigate on its risks? Every business is vulnerable to risk in one way or the other; therefore, the management team needs to formulate strategies that counter the risks, which might damage the firm if it lacks mitigation policies. As CF ltd develops a new drug line, it renders itself to a number of risks; hence, it needs to employ technology that deals with any future uncertainties. As a venture capitalist, one needs to know whether the proposed products stand a chance in the market. As an investor, the competitive edge of a new

Role Of Women In Arabic Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Role Of Women In Arabic Society - Assignment Example Women in the Arab society are discriminated against especially in institutions such as marriage and areas such as inheritance and divorce. Women are not allowed to own property in some classes. Divorce will always almost favor the men and women end up suffering from the outcome of the divorce. Women in this society are considered a source of evil, social disorder and anarchy, and deception. This consideration is adopted by the prevailing religious ideology. Therefore, the society has created a certain standard of morality that stresses values and norm associated with traditional ideas of motherhood, wifehood, and femininity for the woman (Barakat, 1993). The woman in the society has been relieved of all financial responsibilities that the family might require. These responsibilities are the duties of the father who is seen as the provider of the family. A lot of changes have been witnessed throughout the world in regards changes in the family set up and socio-economic trends. The Arab community has also witnessed major changes especially towards how the woman is viewed in the society. Many women are being educated in the Arab community. This has allowed women to be involved in jobs in the public sectors in contrast to the traditional household women. Education Has made a lot of women to be providers of some of the families and has gained economical independence from the men. The changes in Arab society have begun to undermine traditional roles, relationships, and values within the Arab family.

Real Estate Foreclosures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Real Estate Foreclosures - Essay Example Through foreclosure process, banks or creditors can reclaim the possessions of owner if he/she is unable to fulfill the contract of mortgage loan. As the financial crisis has occurred in the USA, the numbers of foreclosures have increased. Several banks such as Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase, and Ally among others had announced foreclosures against the homeowners who failed to repay the loan amount. Real Estate Foreclosures and the Financial Crisis The unreasonable strategies of financial institutions in the USA had allowed many people to purchase houses which they could not manage to pay for. It was unwise for people to think that house prices will only increase and as a result people started to take loans and purchase property from them in the prediction that the cost will increase in future, which will make it easy for them to repay the amount. When the bubble burst, the house price began to decrease considerably and several home owners were trapped unexpectedly to pay for the l oan amount. As people understood that they will lose more money by selling their property compared to the loan amount, they foreclosed. The increasing rate of foreclosure had freaked several banks as well as hedge funds that had already converted the loan amounts to securities and comprehended large amount of losses (Edmonds, â€Å"What's The No. 1 Reason for Foreclosure?†). According to Mortgage Banker Association (MBA) above 900,000 households had foreclosed in the year 2008 which was 71% more compared to 2007. It was recoded as highest foreclosure rate over 36 years in the US economy. The main reason for foreclosure was the attitude of people of maintaining lifestyle beyond their affordability. The subprime loans frequently arrive with low preliminary interest rates and thus people with less affordability are the key receivers of it (Edmonds, â€Å"What's The No. 1 Reason for Foreclosure?†). Causes of Foreclosures The unconscious purchasers of loans are liable for f oreclosure crisis in the USA. In order to benefit from the large loan values, people had chosen several dishonest paths such as fabricating their income, and increasing the values of pledged properties. The lenders had also avoided taking necessary actions against such conducts and made this happen. Generally, people are not very aware about financial details with respect to planning their own revenues. They were simply attracted by the smartly influencing media and thus often fall for overwhelming mortgage culture. The leaders and politicians were more engaged with spending more amounts compared to tax revenue. The high expenditure had resulted in deficit of budget. In order to deal with the deficit, government had produced more currency which brought inflation and the value of Dollar fell significantly. As a result, the prices of essential goods increased and ordinary people became incapable to cope up with the higher inflation rate. The expense for mortgage amount increased due t o fluctuating interest rate and foreclosure was the end result of it. Several unethical decisions to deal with the deficit of budget such as borrowing money from overseas countries and spending excess money on war had degraded the economy of the USA (Vidmar, â€Å"Seven Ways Foreclosures Impact Communities†

Jon Lebed Essay Example for Free

Jon Lebed Essay Summary: In this case study we learn about Jonathan Lebed, at 15 years old, the youngest person during that time and the first minor to ever to face proceedings by the SEC for stock-market fraud. In 2000, Jonathan Lebed caused chaos in the stock trading industry and was accused of â€Å"pumping and dumping† stocks over the Internet. Between September 1999 and February 2000 Lebed made hundreds of thousands of dollars by posting in internet chat rooms and on message boards encouraging people to buy penny stocks he already owned, thus, according to the SEC, artificially raising the price of the stock. Lebed was found guilty by the SEC of wrong doing under Section 17(a) of the Securities Act and Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 which addresses fraud in the use on interstate commerce. Under these acts it is unlawful for a person to intentionally provide false statements for the purposes of deceiving buyers. The SEC settled with him for a $285,000 of his earnings. His actions proved that the Internet could be a very powerful tool for fraud. The Context: The moral tone of the case study we were given to read, written by Michael Lewis, almost seemed to be a defense as to why what Jonathan had done should have been acceptable. Lewis seemed to portray Jonathan as just a kid doing what all financial analyst and stock gurus do daily, but since Jonathan was 15, and doing it well, then the Securities and Exchange Commission was â€Å"picking† on him. At times in the story their was a sense on emotional disarray, and no one wanting to be the blame or accept responsibility for the situation, especially between Jonathans, his mother, and father. Broader Ethical Perspective: In the case it was obvious that Jonathan did not have the best interest of all the parties involved in his best interest, which to me constitutes for one of the first red flags of the lack of ethical behavior. He also never showed care or any remorse of any potential wrong doing for anyone who may have been a victim to his gimmicks; he never took responsibility for his actions.

The Slaughter House :: Description Essays

The Slaughter House â€Å"Though he was harshly treated, he submitted and opened not his mouth; like a lamb that is led to the slaughter, or a sheep before the shearers, he was silent and opened not his mouth† Isaiah 53:7 Trudging along the dirt road that led down to the abattoir, I was experiencing strong emotions. My stomach churned at the thought of the blood I was likely to encounter during the processing of lambs. I reasoned that to get a valid opinion on the subject, I had to witness the entire process, no matter how unpleasant. As I entered the abattoir I was greeted by Tim, a young graduate student who would be assisting the professor throughout the process. I was told to step into a tray on the floor filled with a disinfectant to prevent the entrance of unwelcomed germs that hid on the bottom of my shoes. I pulled on a long yellow apron and placed a hair net and hard hat on my head. A small class of animal science majors walked in who would also be viewing the slaughtering. The professor and Tim prepared for the process by thoroughly washing and sanitizing all of their instruments, sharpening their knives, and placing hooks on a track overhead that holds the sheep carcass upside down. I stepped outside and saw the four sheep that were to be killed. They were huddled together as if they knew what was to happen and were saying their goodbyes. Tim reassured me they were only afraid of being in a strange, confined space. I stood off to the side as Tim led the first of the sheep inside. The sheep gave little struggle and made no sound. Tim gripped its head tightly as the professor placed a bolt gun on the top of its skull. The bolt gun worked similar to a revolver.

New Payment Methods in Health System and Quality of Care :: Argumentative Persuasive Government Papers

New Payment Methods in Health System and Quality of Care Introduction For the purpose of this article I will make some generalizations and I will define some words to facilitate the reading and understanding. These definitions are not intended to be exhaustive and must be understood only in the context of this article. In America health has had its own evolution, passing from the personal relationship between a physician and a patient to a complex system with many actors. As technology developed, on one hand, the costs increased and patients or their families weren’t able to pay by themselves. As a consequence, new payers, such as Government and employers appeared in the health industry. But once again, one treatment could be so expensive, that the resources of a small employer wouldn’t be enough to cover it, and his business could get in financial risk. Consequently, the typical insurers began to play their own role: The affiliation of large number of people paying a fixed premium per person and period of time, regardless the cost of the treatments needed by each of their affiliates. A patient could choose the provider, pay the treatment by itself, and later the insurer reimbursed him the cost of it. If the number of affiliates is high, the probability of a high cost treatment becom es more standard or predictable and the excess of money the insurer earns with people who pay and don’t get sick can absorb its costs. This is known as the â€Å"big numbers† law. On the other hand, physicians became more specialized, and needed more technology not affordable on an individual basis. Now we have physicians, nurses, hospices, clinics, hospitals and complex systems joining all them in order to provide the care needed by patients. For the purpose of this article I’ll call all of them providers. Cost continued increasing, the relations between these actors continued changing, and the characteristics of each of them too. In the side of the insurers, in the 1980’s, the Health Maintenance Organizations or HMO’s appeared. Despite their differences, in the beginning most had similar characteristics: they were non-profit organizations providing care to their affiliates with a selected net of providers and special rules and procedures that patients and providers should follow in order to accept the service and pay the provider. Recently, in the search to achieve the key objective of cost containment, the